Improvement in machines for planishing paper



. J. F. SCHUYLBR. MACHINE FOR PLANISHING PAPER.

Patented Feb; 24, 1863.

if I Witnes I Inventor:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN F. SCHUYLER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WM. E. LOOKWOOD, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR PLANIS HING PAPER.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 37,790, dated February 24, 1863.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN F. SCHUYLER, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented a Machine for Planishing Paper or Fabric Oomposed partly of Paper; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention consists of certain mechanism,

fully described hereinafter, for imparting to paper or pasteboard a smooth surface, and more especially for so planishing the fabric composed of muslin and paper combined as to impart to one side of the same the glossy enameled surface required when the. said fabric is used for making shirt-collars and other articles of wearing-apparel.

In order to enable others to make and use my invention, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation.

On reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a front view; Fig. 2, a transverse vertical section of my improved machine for planishin g paper, 850. Fig. 3, a detached view of a portion of the machine.

A is the base-plate of the machine, and to this plate are secured the standards B and B. D and E are the upper and lower rollers, the journals of the latter turning in stationary boxes 6, fitted to the standards B and B, and the journals of the upper roller, D, turning in boxes d, which are arranged to slide vertically in openings in the standards, and to an extent limited by the helical springs F and bolts G, one of the latter screwing into and passing through the top of each standard and bearing with its point on the apex of the spring. The two rollers are maintained at any desired distance apart from each other, and this distance is readily adjusted by the double set screw T, Fig. 3, one portion of which screws into the upper box, d, the other into the lower box, 6, of each standard. A pipe, H,fitting into a stuffing-boi'r on the projecting end of one of the journals of the lower roller, E, serves to convey steam to the interior of the latter and to maintain the surface of the roller at the desired temperature. Motion is communicated to the upper roller by means of a belt passing round-a pulley on any adjacent driving-shaft and round the pulley I, and a rotary motion is imparted to the lower roller, E, by a strap passing round the pulley J, the rollers revolving in contrary directions to each other, as pointed out by the arrows, the upper roller, however, revolving at a slower speed than the lower roller. To two posts, N N, are secured the two springs M M, which pass between the rollers, one spring near one end and the other near the opposite end of the said rollers at the points where the latter are reduced in dion the outer end of these springs are formed bearings for the journals of the roller K, which is somewhat larger in diameter in the middle than at the opposite ends, and whichbears against the upper roller D on y.

Although the above-described machine is applicable to the plani'shing ofpaperand pasteboard, it has been especially designed for the purpose of imparting a smooth, glossy surface to one side of the fabric composed of muslin, with paper pasted on each side, this fabric being used for making what are known as enameled collars. The fabric in the act of drying becomes more or less creased, and is of such a nature that the desired uniform and smooth surface cannot beefiiciently imparted to it by ordinary calender-rollers.

The lower roller, E,of my improved planishing-machine is made of cast-iron, its surface being as smooth and even as possible. The upper roller,-however, which is also made of cast-iron, has a number of minute longitudt nal ridges formed on its surface by the processknown as draw-filingthatis,by drawinga file backward and forward longitudinally over the surface.

A sheet of fabric of the proper size is placed on the surface of the table shown by the red line P, its front edge being directed to the point where the small roller K bears against the upper roller, D, between which the fabric passes toward the point where the upper roller, 1), is nearest to the lower roller, E, between which rollers the fabric also passes, and is finally directed onto the surface of a table. (Shown by the red line Q.) The roller K serves a twofold purpose: First, being larger in diameter in the middle than at the opposite ends, it tends to spread or stretch the fabric laterally from the middle toward the edges,

thereby removing the inequalities and creases, and reducing the sheet to a proper condition prior to being submitted to the action of the rollers D and E, for if the inequalities and creases are not thus removed they will appear on the fabric after passin-g between the rollers. The other object of the roller K is to press the fabric forcibly against the surface of the roller D prior to passing between the latter roller.

and the roller E, the ridges of the upper roller penetrating the fabric and'causin g it to traverse at the same speed as the circumference of that roller-a speed at which it must continue to move during its passage between the two rollers.

In presenting the fabric to the two rollers I) and E, in the absence ofthe supplementary roller K, the lower roller would have a tendency to move the fabric at too fast a speed. Hence no planishing of thesurface of the fabric could take place, forit is by retarding the fabric and causing the smooth heated surface of the lower roller to more faster than the fabric that the desired planishing is aceomplished. Hence theimportanceoftherollerK as a means of assisting the draw-filed roller 1) to retard the fabric in order that the desired smooth enameled surface may be imparted to one side of the same.

I do not desire to claim, broadly, the planishing of paper bypassing it between two rollers running at .difterent speeds, as this is done on the ordinary calenderin g-m achine; but

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The use of the smooth planishing-roller E, in combination with'the pressure-rollerl),when a number of small longitudinal ridges are formed on the latter roller, as set forth, for the purpose specified.

2. The auxili, ry pressure'roller K, of theforni described, in combination wit-h the upper and lower rollers, I) and E,for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

- JOHN SOHUYLER.

Witnesses J 01m WHITE, WM. A. FARR. 

